About Shukra
In Ancient India, the different branches of knowledge grouped under four heads, namely; Philosophy, the Vedas, Economics and Politics. According to Shukraniti, a knowledge of these special sciences 'enables rulers to gain victories over their foes, to please their subjects and to be proficient in statecraft'. The mode of treatment was thus more practical, than theoretical; and one result of this was that the conclusions were expressed in the form not of scientific principles but of moral precepts.
Shukra has an outstanding place in the history of Ancient Indian Political Thought. Though the historians admit that the Shukraniti was written by Shukra but, there is a difference of opinion about who was Shukra and when this book was written. 'According to mythology, Shukra was disciple of the great sage Bhrigu. It is believed that he was a teacher of Asuras and in his treatise he distilled knowledge about polity and morals for asuras from the ancient treatise uttered by Brahma for the benefit of mankind.'
The most popular questions ask in exams.
Give four categories of crimes as described by Shukra ?
Ans.: The four categories of crimes as described by Shukra are
(1) offence through the body,
(2) through speech,
(3) through the mind, and
(4) through association.
What are the factors which control a ruler according to Shukra ?
Ans: The factors which control a ruler according to Shukra are
(1) Control of Dharma and morality;
(2) Financial control,
(3) Control of consultation with Ministers and Assembly Elders obligatory,
(4) Control of Public opinion and of the Subjects.
Functions of Sachiv as prescribed by Shukra ?
Ans.: Sachiv is the man who knows all about the army. He is an expert in army matters.
What are the three basis of wages prescribed in Shukraniti ?
Ans.: The three basis of wages prescribed in Shukraniti are :
(1) Karyamana Bhriti : Payment of salary in proportion to the quantum of work done.
(2) Kalanama Bhriti : Salary payment on the basis of counting the period of work done.
(3) Karya Kalamiti Bhriti : In this both time and work are taken into consideration. In this payment of salary is done on the basis of amount of work done in a fixed period of time.
Mention two chief functions of states as propounded by Shukra ?
Ans.: Two chief functions of state as propounded by Shukra are
(1) Security and Protection of the people,
(2) Perform welfare functions.
0 Comments